Mnemonic

Mnemonic

to remmember the items   in present history   look at this,eg pain
  • Site: where, local/ diffuse, "Show me where it is worst".
  • Onset: rapid/ gradual, pattern, worse/ better,.
  • Character: vertigo/ lightheaded, pain: sharp/ dull/ stab/ burn/ cramp/ crushing.
  • Radiation [usually just if pain].
  • Alleviating factors, "
  • Time course: when last felt well, chronic: why came now.
  • Exacerbating factors, " Severity:.
  • Associated symptoms.
  • Impact of symptoms on life: "Does it interrupt your life

NB-TO  REMMEMBER  ITEMES  OF PAST HISTORY  LOOK AT THIS
·   MJ THREADS:
MI  in older
Jaundice
TB
HTN ["Anyone told you, you have high BP?"]
Rheumatic fever
Epilepsy
Asthma
Diabetes
Stroke
·  Problems with the anesthetic in surgery

  • Pre-exm checklist: WIPE:
    • Wash your hands [thus warming them].
    • Introduce yourself to pt, explain what going to do.
    • Permision (get permision)
    • Examine   systemically
Examine from the R side of the pt


  • DDx: CLUBBING:is CLUBBING
    Cyanotic heart dz
    Lung dz: hypoxia, lung CA, bronchiectasis, CF
    UC, Crohn's
    Biliary cirrhosis
    Birth defect
    IE
    Neoplasm [esp. Hodgkins]
    GI malabsorption

DD.Splinter hemorrhages
  • What: small, linear hemorrhages under the nail.
  • DDx: SPLINT:
    Sepsis elsewhere
    PAN/SLE/RA
    Limey [vitamin C deficiency]
    IE
    Neoplasm [hematologic]
    Trauma


DD.Anemias
  • MICS are TICS:
  • Thalassemia
  • Iron deficiency
  • Chronic dz
  • Sideroblastic anemia

  • MACdonald's has FAB FOOD and DRINK:
  • Folate deficiency
  • Alcohol abuse [since concurrent thiamine deficiency]
  • B12 [thiamine] deficiency
  • All MACrocytics are due to a NUTRITIONAL deficiency or ALCOHOL.
  • MCV>100 is macrocytic.
  • Patient profile rule of thumb:
    • Old/alcoholic: B12 deficiency.
    • Young/pregnant: folate defiency.
  • DDx folate from B12 deficiency: B12 deficiency has the neurological signs.
  • ABCD:
  • Acute blood loss
  • Bone marrow failure
  • Chronic dz
  • Destruction: hemolytics, which are SHEEP TIT:
    • Sickle cell
    • Hereditary spherocytosis
    • Enzyme deficiencies: G6P, pyruvate kinase
    • Erythroblastosis fetalis
    • Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
    • Trauma to RBCs
    • Immunohemolytics: warm Ab, cold Ag
    • Thalassemias


Skin Colors
  • COLD PALMS:
  • Peripheral cyanosis: Cold.
    • Cold.
    • Obstruction.
    • LVF and shock.
    • Decreased cardiac output.
  • Central cyanosis: PALMS
    • Polycythemia.
    • Altitude.
    • Lung dz.
    • Met-, sulphaemoglobinaemia.
    • Shunt.

NB.. a person has SLE (systemic lupus) if any 4 out of 11 symptoms are present simultaneously or serially on two separate occasions. Useful mnemonic for remembering the diagnostic findings or symptoms of SLE is SOAP BRAIN MD (S=serositis, O=oral ulcers, A=arthritis, P=photosensitivity, pulmonary fibrosis, B=blood cells, R=renal, Raynauds, A=ANA, I=immunologic (anti-Sm, anti-dsDNA), N=neuropsych, M=malar rash, D=discoid rash),

  • Direct: DROP:
    Dubin-Johnson/ Diffuse hepatocellular dz [drug or viral hepatitis, cirrhosis].
    Rotor.
    Obstruction.

  • Indirect: ABCDEFGHI:
    Anemia [hemolytic,].
    Breast feeding jaundice.
    Craig-Najjar.
    Diffuse hepatocellular dz [drug or viral hepatitis, cirrhosis].
    EPO insufficiency].
    Fetus [physiologic jaundice of newborn].
    Gilbert's.
    Heart failure.
    Internal bleeding.


"Really Sick Must Children Must Take No Exercise":
Days after fever onset, that rash appears:
1: Rubella
2: Scarlet fever/ Smallpox
3: Chickenpox
4: Measles [with Koplik spots 1 day earlier]
5: Typhus, rickettsia [variable]
6: Nothing
7: Enteric fever [salmonella]
Roseola: rash appears when fever disappears

  • Rubella: forehead to face to torso to extremities.
  • Measles: both appears, and disappears from head to toe.
Fifth disease "slapped cheeks"



Dominant R in v1
Remember  W(double u),double P,doubleR,doubleD
Ie   wpw syndrome ,pulm HT,postMI,RVH,RBBB,Dextrocardia,DMD
DMD=duchene muscular dystrophy

Wiskott Aldrich syndrome remember TIME
Ie..thrombocytopenia,immunodefecincy, malignancy,eczyma
THE MISFITS A Mnemonic for neonatal emergency
       Trauma/Abuse (NAI)
       Heart and Lung
       Endocrine
       Metabolic disturbances
       Inborn errors of metabolism
       Sepsis
       Formula
       Intestinal
       Toxins
       Trisomies
       Seizures


mnemonic for intestinal obstruction ,double aim

diagnosis of a bowel obstruction using the mnemonic
A-A-I-I-M-M:
     Adhesions
     Appendicitis
     Intussusception
     Inguinal hernia
     Malrotation
·              Miscellaneous (Meckel's, tumor, duplication, etc.)
·          
·          Acute Respiratory Deterioration on Ventilator (DOPES Mnemonic)
1.  Dislodged or displaced Endotracheal Tube or cuff
2.  Obstructed Endotracheal Tube (e.g. mucous plugging, blood in tube)
4.  Equipment failure (Ventilator, tubing)
5.  Stacking of breaths (incomplete exhalation in Asthma or COPD)






Complication of down syndrome
Is VALIDATE
V   ….vsd
A…..atlantoaxial instability
L……leukemia
I,…..immunodifffeciency
D …..diabetus,duodenal atresia &other GIT problem eg hurshspreng disease or imperforate anus
A …..alzhymer in older
T…..thyroid dysfunction mainly hypothyroidism
E ….. endocardial cushion   defect



KUSSMAL BREATHING
K… ketone….DKA
U….uremia
S….sepsis
S….salicylate
M….methanole
A….aldehydes
L….lactic acidosis



 one clinical mnemonic for Reiter's syndrome(reactive artheritis) is
 "Can't see, can't pee, can't climb a tree."[9] The classic triad consists of:
  • Nongonococcal urethritis
  • Asymmetric oligoarthritis
  • Conjunctivitis
potter
P ulmonary hypoplasia O ligohydrominios T wisted skin (wrinkly skin) T wisted face (Potter facies) E xtremities defects R enal agenesis (bilateral






 Alagille syndrome 5 p

pointed chin / broadened forehead
paucity of bile duct

posterior embryotoxon
peripheral pulmonic stenosis
Butterfly hemivertebrae

mnemonic for the underlying anatomic defects in tetralogy of fallot is:
  • PROVe

Mnemonic







)

0 comments: